Knowledge sources
Original documents used in our GEO guides and company knowledge, connected to the explanations and answers that cite them.
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Google Search Central
Ask Google to recrawl your URLs
Used in Your website changed: how do search and AI answers catch up?
Publishing a corrected page, notifying search engines, getting a page crawled or indexed, and seeing a fresh AI answer are separate outcomes. Use Google Search Console for Google Search, and consider IndexNow for participating search engines. Neither route guarantees an updated answer or a deadline.
Build and submit a sitemap
Used in Your website changed: how do search and AI answers catch up?
Publishing a corrected page, notifying search engines, getting a page crawled or indexed, and seeing a fresh AI answer are separate outcomes. Use Google Search Console for Google Search, and consider IndexNow for participating search engines. Neither route guarantees an updated answer or a deadline.
Google's February 2026 Discover Core Update | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in GEO, AEO and SEO: what changes for your website?
A practical guide to search visibility, AI answers and the content decisions that help buyers understand your business.
Inside Googlebot: demystifying crawling, fetching, and the bytes we process | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in AI crawler access is not one switch
Separate controls for search discovery, possible model-training use and visits triggered by a user. The available controls and their effects differ by provider.
Introducing social channels in Search Console | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in Can AI Visibility Reporting Show Business Impact?
AI citations can show where content appears in AI answers, but not whether they generated visits or sales. Learn how to pair visibility observations with analytics and make defensible campaign decisions.
Introducing the branded queries filter in Search Console | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in How to read Bing AI Performance insights
Understand what Bing Webmaster Tools reports about citations, query context and changes over time, and what those observations cannot prove.
Introducing weekly and monthly views in Search Console | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in How to read Bing AI Performance insights
Understand what Bing Webmaster Tools reports about citations, query context and changes over time, and what those observations cannot prove.
New Location for the Google Crawlers' IP Range Files | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in AI crawler access is not one switch
Separate controls for search discovery, possible model-training use and visits triggered by a user. The available controls and their effects differ by provider.
New learning paths: curated YouTube playlists for Search fundamentals and Technical SEO | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in GEO, AEO and SEO: what changes for your website?
A practical guide to search visibility, AI answers and the content decisions that help buyers understand your business.
Optimizing your website for generative AI features
Used in GEO, AEO and SEO: what changes for your website?
A practical guide to search visibility, AI answers and the content decisions that help buyers understand your business.
Platform properties roll out globally, plus a new social and video performance guide | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in Use Search Console to Make Better Social and Video Content Decisions
Google Search Console’s platform properties reveal how Instagram, TikTok, X and YouTube posts perform across Google Search, Discover and Google News. Learn what the data can tell you, what it cannot, and how to turn search trends into useful content tests.
Robots Refresher: robots.txt — a flexible way to control how machines explore your website | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in AI crawler access is not one switch
Separate controls for search discovery, possible model-training use and visits triggered by a user. The available controls and their effects differ by provider.
Search Central Deep Dive Europe 2026: Apparently we're going to Barcelona | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in Why AI recommends competitors—and what to improve
A competitor appearing in an AI answer is a clue, not a diagnosis. Learn to assess fit, recommendation wording and sources, then turn a verified gap into a focused content or access improvement.
Search Central Live India 2026: Bengaluru, We're Coming (For Real This Time) | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in Why AI recommends competitors—and what to improve
A competitor appearing in an AI answer is a clue, not a diagnosis. Learn to assess fit, recommendation wording and sources, then turn a verified gap into a focused content or access improvement.
Search Central Live is coming to Bogota and Ciudad de México | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in Why AI recommends competitors—and what to improve
A competitor appearing in an AI answer is a clue, not a diagnosis. Learn to assess fit, recommendation wording and sources, then turn a verified gap into a focused content or access improvement.
See how content from social and video platforms performs on Google Search | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in How to read Bing AI Performance insights
Understand what Bing Webmaster Tools reports about citations, query context and changes over time, and what those observations cannot prove.
Streamline your Search Console analysis with the new AI-powered configuration | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in Set Up Better Search Console Analysis with AI
Google’s AI-powered configuration can turn a plain-language campaign question into Search Console filters, comparisons and metrics. Learn how to frame the request, check what the report configured and use the data responsibly.
Top ways to ensure your content performs well in Google's AI experiences on Search | Google Search Central Blog | Google for Developers
Used in AI crawler access is not one switch
Separate controls for search discovery, possible model-training use and visits triggered by a user. The available controls and their effects differ by provider.
Google for Developers
List of Google common crawlers
Used in AI crawler access is not one switch
Separate controls for search discovery, possible model-training use and visits triggered by a user. The available controls and their effects differ by provider.
IETF
RFC 9309: Robots Exclusion Protocol
Used in AI crawler access is not one switch
Separate controls for search discovery, possible model-training use and visits triggered by a user. The available controls and their effects differ by provider.
IndexNow
IndexNow documentation
Used in Your website changed: how do search and AI answers catch up?
Publishing a corrected page, notifying search engines, getting a page crawled or indexed, and seeing a fresh AI answer are separate outcomes. Use Google Search Console for Google Search, and consider IndexNow for participating search engines. Neither route guarantees an updated answer or a deadline.
IndexNow frequently asked questions
Used in Your website changed: how do search and AI answers catch up?
Publishing a corrected page, notifying search engines, getting a page crawled or indexed, and seeing a fresh AI answer are separate outcomes. Use Google Search Console for Google Search, and consider IndexNow for participating search engines. Neither route guarantees an updated answer or a deadline.
Microsoft Bing
AI Performance in Bing Webmaster Tools
Used in Measure the answer, not just the traffic
Separate mentions, citations and recommendations, show coverage and inspect the evidence behind each result.
AI visibility insights: intent, topics and citation share
Used in Measure the answer, not just the traffic
Separate mentions, citations and recommendations, show coverage and inspect the evidence behind each result.
OpenAI
Building advertising for the way people use AI | OpenAI
Used in Can AI Visibility Reporting Show Business Impact?
AI citations can show where content appears in AI answers, but not whether they generated visits or sales. Learn how to pair visibility observations with analytics and make defensible campaign decisions.
ChatGPT Search
Used in Measure whether ChatGPT chooses your brand
Separate OpenAI crawler access, answer mentions, citations, recommendations, and attributable visits.
Overview of OpenAI Crawlers
Used in AI crawler access is not one switch
Separate controls for search discovery, possible model-training use and visits triggered by a user. The available controls and their effects differ by provider.
Publishers and Developers FAQ
Used in Measure whether ChatGPT chooses your brand
Separate OpenAI crawler access, answer mentions, citations, recommendations, and attributable visits.
Radisson Hotel Group brings hotel discovery into ChatGPT | OpenAI
Used in Can AI Visibility Reporting Show Business Impact?
AI citations can show where content appears in AI answers, but not whether they generated visits or sales. Learn how to pair visibility observations with analytics and make defensible campaign decisions.
Sophos cuts threat investigation time by 96% with OpenAI Daybreak | OpenAI
Used in Can AI Visibility Reporting Show Business Impact?
AI citations can show where content appears in AI answers, but not whether they generated visits or sales. Learn how to pair visibility observations with analytics and make defensible campaign decisions.
Stack Overflow for Agents triples signups with ChatGPT plugin | OpenAI
Used in Can AI Visibility Reporting Show Business Impact?
AI citations can show where content appears in AI answers, but not whether they generated visits or sales. Learn how to pair visibility observations with analytics and make defensible campaign decisions.
Web search
Used in Check what a citation actually supports
Match claims to source passages, conditions and dates before deciding what to correct.
Perplexity
Frequently Asked Questions — Perplexity API
Used in Track the path from Perplexity access to citation
Separate crawler eligibility, ranked retrieval, answer citations, recommendations, and user-triggered fetches.
Multimodal embeddings beyond a single vector
Used in GEO, AEO and SEO: what changes for your website?
A practical guide to search visibility, AI answers and the content decisions that help buyers understand your business.
Perplexity Crawlers
Used in Track the path from Perplexity access to citation
Separate crawler eligibility, ranked retrieval, answer citations, recommendations, and user-triggered fetches.
Perplexity Search API
Used in Track the path from Perplexity access to citation
Separate crawler eligibility, ranked retrieval, answer citations, recommendations, and user-triggered fetches.
What is Perplexity?
Used in Track the path from Perplexity access to citation
Separate crawler eligibility, ranked retrieval, answer citations, recommendations, and user-triggered fetches.
Ready Scan
Avène: public GEO observations
Used in Why AI recommends competitors—and what to improve
A competitor appearing in an AI answer is a clue, not a diagnosis. Learn to assess fit, recommendation wording and sources, then turn a verified gap into a focused content or access improvement.
Bank of China (Hong Kong)
Used in Can AI Visibility Reporting Show Business Impact?
AI citations can show where content appears in AI answers, but not whether they generated visits or sales. Learn how to pair visibility observations with analytics and make defensible campaign decisions.
Bioderma: public GEO observations
Used in Why AI recommends competitors—and what to improve
A competitor appearing in an AI answer is a clue, not a diagnosis. Learn to assess fit, recommendation wording and sources, then turn a verified gap into a focused content or access improvement.
Buyer questions for AI visibility
Used in GEO, AEO and SEO: what changes for your website?
A practical guide to search visibility, AI answers and the content decisions that help buyers understand your business.
CeraVe: public GEO observations
Used in Why AI recommends competitors—and what to improve
A competitor appearing in an AI answer is a clue, not a diagnosis. Learn to assess fit, recommendation wording and sources, then turn a verified gap into a focused content or access improvement.
Cetaphil: public GEO observations
Used in Why AI recommends competitors—and what to improve
A competitor appearing in an AI answer is a clue, not a diagnosis. Learn to assess fit, recommendation wording and sources, then turn a verified gap into a focused content or access improvement.
Curél: public GEO observations
Used in Why AI recommends competitors—and what to improve
A competitor appearing in an AI answer is a clue, not a diagnosis. Learn to assess fit, recommendation wording and sources, then turn a verified gap into a focused content or access improvement.
Hada Labo: public GEO observations
Used in Why AI recommends competitors—and what to improve
A competitor appearing in an AI answer is a clue, not a diagnosis. Learn to assess fit, recommendation wording and sources, then turn a verified gap into a focused content or access improvement.
How Ready Scan builds an AI visibility scorecard
Used in GEO, AEO and SEO: what changes for your website?
A practical guide to search visibility, AI answers and the content decisions that help buyers understand your business.
La Roche-Posay: public GEO observations
Used in Why AI recommends competitors—and what to improve
A competitor appearing in an AI answer is a clue, not a diagnosis. Learn to assess fit, recommendation wording and sources, then turn a verified gap into a focused content or access improvement.
NIVEA
Used in Why AI recommends competitors—and what to improve
A competitor appearing in an AI answer is a clue, not a diagnosis. Learn to assess fit, recommendation wording and sources, then turn a verified gap into a focused content or access improvement.